在道路維修與重建領(lǐng)域，冷再生技術(shù)作為一種綠色施工方案，正逐步改變傳統(tǒng)“開挖-外運(yùn)-新料填筑”的粗放模式。該技術(shù)通過常溫下對舊路面材料進(jìn)行原位再生，實現(xiàn)資源閉環(huán)利用，其技術(shù)路徑可分解為材料活化、級配優(yōu)化與性能重塑三個核心環(huán)節(jié)。

　　In the field of road maintenance and reconstruction, cold recycling technology, as a green construction scheme, is gradually changing the traditional extensive mode of "excavation transportation new material filling". This technology achieves closed-loop resource utilization by in-situ regeneration of old pavement materials at room temperature. Its technical path can be decomposed into three core steps: material activation, gradation optimization, and performance reshaping.

　　材料活化：喚醒沉睡的舊料價值

　　Material activation: awakening the dormant value of old materials

　　舊瀝青路面經(jīng)銑刨機(jī)破碎后，形成包含瀝青膠結(jié)料與集料的混合料。冷再生技術(shù)的突破在于通過專用再生劑，老化瀝青的活性。這類再生劑通常含有芳烴油與增塑劑，其分子鏈可滲透瀝青質(zhì)微膠束，使針入度恢復(fù)40（0.1mm）以上，軟化點降低55℃以下，重塑瀝青的延展性與粘結(jié)性。某高速公路大修項目實測顯示，經(jīng)再生劑處理后的舊料，其瀝青含量回收率達(dá)85%，較傳統(tǒng)熱再生工藝提升30%。

　　After the old asphalt pavement is crushed by a milling machine, a mixture containing asphalt binder and aggregate is formed. The breakthrough of cold recycling technology lies in activating the activity of aged asphalt through dedicated rejuvenators. This type of rejuvenator usually contains aromatic oil and plasticizers, whose molecular chains can penetrate into asphalt micelles, restoring penetration to above 40 (0.1mm) and reducing softening point to below 55 ℃, reshaping the ductility and adhesion of asphalt. The actual measurement of a highway overhaul project shows that the asphalt content recovery rate of the old material treated with a rejuvenator reaches 85%, which is 30% higher than the traditional hot recycling process.

　　級配優(yōu)化：構(gòu)建科學(xué)骨架結(jié)構(gòu)

　　Grading optimization: building a scientific skeleton structure

　　破碎后的舊料需經(jīng)過振動篩分，形成0-31.5mm的連續(xù)級配。針對粒徑＞20mm的粗集料，采用沖擊式破碎機(jī)進(jìn)行整形，使針片狀含量控制在15%以內(nèi)。對于細(xì)料部分，通過添加0-5mm石屑或機(jī)制砂，調(diào)整混合料空隙率12%-18%。某市政道路改造中，優(yōu)化后的級配使再生混合料動穩(wěn)定度達(dá)到4500次/mm，超越普通瀝青混凝土標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　The crushed old material needs to undergo vibration screening to form a continuous gradation of 0-31.5mm. For coarse aggregates with a particle size greater than 20mm, an impact crusher is used for shaping to control the needle like content within 15%. For the fine material part, adjust the porosity of the mixture to 12% -18% by adding 0-5mm stone chips or machine-made sand. In the renovation of a municipal road, the optimized gradation achieved a dynamic stability of 4500 times/mm for the recycled mixture, surpassing the standard of ordinary asphalt concrete.

　　性能重塑：復(fù)合添加劑的魔法

　　Performance Reshaping: The Magic of Composite Additives

　　為彌補(bǔ)舊料性能衰減，需精準(zhǔn)投加復(fù)合添加劑。水泥作為常用活性填料，摻量控制在1.5%-2.5%時，可與舊瀝青發(fā)生火山灰反應(yīng)，生成鈣礬石晶體增強(qiáng)內(nèi)聚力。某寒區(qū)項目采用3%硅灰改性，使再生混合料-20℃彎曲應(yīng)變提升2800με，抗裂性能超越新料。對于重載交通路段，加入0.3%聚酯纖維可形成三維網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)，某物流園區(qū)道路實測顯示，車轍深度較常規(guī)工藝減少65%。

　　To compensate for the performance degradation of old materials, it is necessary to accurately add composite additives. When cement is used as a commonly used active filler and the dosage is controlled at 1.5% -2.5%, it can undergo volcanic ash reaction with old asphalt, generating ettringite crystals to enhance cohesion. A certain cold region project uses 3% silica fume modification to increase the bending strain of the recycled mixture at -20 ℃ to 2800 μ ε, and its crack resistance exceeds that of the new material. For heavy-duty traffic sections, adding 0.3% polyester fiber can form a three-dimensional network structure. Actual measurements of roads in a logistics park show that the depth of ruts is reduced by 65% compared to conventional processes.

　　施工工藝的創(chuàng)新融合

　　Innovative integration of construction technology

　　冷再生設(shè)備集成銑刨、破碎、拌和功能，通過計算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)投料。以WR2500S型冷再生機(jī)為例，其工作寬度達(dá)2.5米，深度可調(diào)50cm，單次作業(yè)即可完成舊料再生與新料摻配。在某山區(qū)公路項目中，該設(shè)備使施工效率提升800㎡/h，較傳統(tǒng)工藝縮短工期40%。后續(xù)采用雙鋼輪壓路機(jī)與膠輪壓路機(jī)組合碾壓，使再生層壓實度達(dá)到98%以上。

　　The cold recycling equipment integrates milling, crushing, and mixing functions, and achieves precise feeding through a computer control system. Taking the WR2500S cold recycling machine as an example, its working width can reach 2.5 meters, and its depth can be adjusted to 50cm. It can complete the regeneration of old materials and the blending of new materials in a single operation. In a mountainous highway project, this equipment increased construction efficiency to 800 square meters per hour, shortening the construction period by 40% compared to traditional techniques. Subsequently, a combination of double steel wheel rollers and rubber wheel rollers will be used for compaction, achieving a compaction degree of over 98% for the recycled layer.

　　環(huán)境效益的量化呈現(xiàn)

　　Quantitative presentation of environmental benefits

　　以1雙向四車道改造為例，冷再生技術(shù)可減少石料開采3.2萬噸，降低碳排放480噸，相當(dāng)于植樹2.6萬棵。某環(huán)評報告顯示，冷再生施工噪音較傳統(tǒng)工藝降低15dB，揚(yáng)塵濃度控制在0.8mg/m?以下，顯著改善施工環(huán)境。在成本方面，冷再生方案較傳統(tǒng)工藝節(jié)省費用25%-40%，某省道改建項目通過該技術(shù)實現(xiàn)投資回收期縮短2年。

　　Taking the 1-kilometer two-way four lane renovation as an example, cold recycling technology can reduce stone mining by 32000 tons and carbon emissions by 480 tons, equivalent to planting 26000 trees. A certain environmental impact assessment report shows that the construction noise of cold recycling is reduced by 15dB compared to traditional processes, and the dust concentration is controlled at 0.8mg/m? Significantly improve the construction environment. In terms of cost, the cold recycling solution saves 25% -40% compared to traditional processes, and a certain provincial road renovation project has achieved a 2-year reduction in investment payback period through this technology.

　　冷再生技術(shù)通過材料科學(xué)、機(jī)械工程與理念的深度融合，構(gòu)建起舊路面材料的循環(huán)利用體系。從微觀分子層面的瀝青活化，到宏觀路用性能的提升，該技術(shù)不僅實現(xiàn)資源的利用，更推動道路行業(yè)向綠色低碳轉(zhuǎn)型。隨著再生劑配方優(yōu)化與智能裝備迭代，冷再生技術(shù)將在“雙碳”目標(biāo)背景下，釋放更大的生態(tài)與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。

　　Cold recycling technology integrates material science, mechanical engineering, and environmental protection concepts to build a recycling system for old pavement materials. From the activation of asphalt at the micro molecular level to the comprehensive improvement of macroscopic road performance, this technology not only achieves efficient utilization of resources, but also promotes the transformation of the road industry towards green and low-carbon. With the optimization of rejuvenator formulations and the iteration of intelligent equipment, cold regeneration technology will release greater ecological and economic benefits in the context of the "dual carbon" goal.

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