冷再生機(jī)作為道路施工的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備，租賃使用中若突發(fā)故障，需遵循 “停機(jī)、快速診斷、分級(jí)處理” 的原則，通過(guò)規(guī)范流程將故障影響降，保障施工進(jìn)度。

　　As a key equipment for road construction, if there is a sudden malfunction during the rental and use of the cold recycling machine, the principle of "safe shutdown, rapid diagnosis, and graded treatment" should be followed, and the impact of the malfunction should be minimized through standardized processes to ensure construction progress.

　　故障發(fā)生時(shí)，操作人員應(yīng)立即按下急停按鈕，切斷設(shè)備動(dòng)力源，防止異常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)致部件損傷或事故。隨后觀察儀表盤(pán)報(bào)警信息（如發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障燈、液壓壓力異常提示），記錄故障發(fā)生時(shí)的工作狀態(tài)（轉(zhuǎn)速、負(fù)載、作業(yè)模式），并用手機(jī)拍攝故障部位照片或視頻，為后續(xù)排查保留原始資料。若故障伴隨異常聲響（如金屬摩擦聲、液壓系統(tǒng)異響），需原地靜置設(shè)備，避免強(qiáng)行啟動(dòng)擴(kuò)大損傷。

　　When a malfunction occurs, the operator should immediately press the emergency stop button to cut off the power source of the equipment and prevent abnormal operation from causing component damage or safety accidents. Subsequently, observe the dashboard alarm information (such as engine malfunction light, hydraulic pressure abnormal prompt), record the working status at the time of the fault occurrence (speed, load, operating mode), and take photos or videos of the faulty area with a mobile phone to preserve the original data for subsequent troubleshooting. If the fault is accompanied by abnormal sounds (such as metal friction sound, hydraulic system abnormal sound), the equipment should be left stationary in place to avoid forcibly starting and expanding the damage.

　　初步判斷故障類(lèi)別是解決問(wèn)題的核心。若為動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)故障（發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)無(wú)法啟動(dòng)或怠速不穩(wěn)），先檢查燃油供應(yīng)（油箱油量、油路是否堵塞）、電路連接（蓄電池電量、啟動(dòng)電機(jī)線束是否松動(dòng)），使用萬(wàn)用表測(cè)量電壓是否達(dá)標(biāo)（啟動(dòng)電壓應(yīng)≥12V）。若屬液壓系統(tǒng)故障（壓力不足、動(dòng)作卡頓），查看液壓油液位（需在標(biāo)尺上下限之間）、油質(zhì)（乳化或渾濁需更換），檢查油管接頭是否漏油（輕微滲漏可緊固卡箍，嚴(yán)重漏油需更換密封件）。刀具系統(tǒng)故障（切削無(wú)力、刀片異常磨損）時(shí)，停機(jī)后手動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)刀輥，檢查刀片固定螺栓是否松動(dòng)（扭矩需達(dá)到廠家規(guī)定值，如 80-100N?m）、刀座是否變形，若刀片磨損超過(guò)厚度的 1/3，需整組更換以保證切削均勻性。

　　The initial determination of the fault category is the core of solving the problem. If it is a power system malfunction (the engine cannot start or the idle is unstable), first check the fuel supply (fuel tank level, whether the oil circuit is blocked), circuit connections (battery level, whether the starter motor harness is loose), and use a multimeter to measure whether the voltage meets the standard (starting voltage should be ≥ 12V). If it is a hydraulic system failure (insufficient pressure, lagging action), check the hydraulic oil level (between the upper and lower limits of the scale), oil quality (emulsified or turbid, need to be replaced), and check whether the oil pipe joint leaks oil (slight leakage can be tightened with clamps, severe oil leakage needs to be replaced with seals). When the tool system malfunctions (weak cutting, abnormal blade wear), manually rotate the tool roller after stopping the machine to check if the blade fixing bolts are loose (the torque should reach the manufacturer's specified value, such as 80-100N? M) and if the tool holder is deformed. If the blade wear exceeds one-third of the thickness, the entire set needs to be replaced to ensure cutting uniformity.

　　對(duì)于電氣控制系統(tǒng)故障（操作面板無(wú)響應(yīng)、傳感器數(shù)據(jù)異常），先重啟控制模塊（斷開(kāi)蓄電池負(fù)極 30 秒后重新連接），若故障依舊，對(duì)照設(shè)備電路圖，用試電筆或示波器檢測(cè)開(kāi)關(guān)、繼電器、傳感器的信號(hào)傳輸是否正常。例如，行走編碼器故障可能導(dǎo)致速度控制失靈，需清潔編碼器表面灰塵并檢查連接線是否破損。

　　For electrical control system faults (unresponsive operation panel, abnormal sensor data), restart the control module first (disconnect the negative terminal of the battery for 30 seconds and reconnect it). If the fault persists, refer to the equipment circuit diagram and use a test pen or oscilloscope to check whether the signal transmission of switches, relays, and sensors is normal. For example, a malfunction of the walking encoder may result in a failure of speed control, and it is necessary to clean the dust on the surface of the encoder and check if the connecting wires are damaged.

　　當(dāng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)人員無(wú)法自行解決時(shí)，及時(shí)聯(lián)系租賃方的技術(shù)支持團(tuán)隊(duì)，清晰描述故障現(xiàn)象、發(fā)生時(shí)間及已做的排查步驟，必要時(shí)通過(guò)視頻連線遠(yuǎn)程指導(dǎo)。若需現(xiàn)場(chǎng)維修，要求對(duì)方攜帶常用備件（如濾芯、密封圈、刀片），縮短維修時(shí)間。維修人員到達(dá)后，配合其拆解設(shè)備（如拆卸液壓泵護(hù)罩、打開(kāi)電控箱），提供故障記錄和操作日志，協(xié)助定位問(wèn)題根源。修復(fù)后，需進(jìn)行空載試運(yùn)行（怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) 10 分鐘）和負(fù)載測(cè)試（以 50% 功率作業(yè) 30 分鐘），確認(rèn)各系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行參數(shù)（如發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速、液壓油溫、刀具轉(zhuǎn)速）符合出廠標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（油溫不超過(guò) 80℃，轉(zhuǎn)速波動(dòng) ±5% 以內(nèi)）。

　　When on-site personnel are unable to solve the problem on their own, promptly contact the technical support team of the lessee, clearly describe the fault phenomenon, occurrence time, and the troubleshooting steps that have been taken, and provide remote guidance through video connection if necessary. If on-site repair is required, the other party is required to bring commonly used spare parts (such as filter cartridges, sealing rings, blades) to shorten the repair time. After the maintenance personnel arrive, cooperate with them to disassemble the equipment (such as dismantling the hydraulic pump cover and opening the electrical control box), provide fault records and operation logs, and assist in locating the root cause of the problem. After repair, a no-load test run (idling for 10 minutes) and a load test (operating at 50% power for 30 minutes) are required to confirm that the operating parameters of each system (such as engine speed, hydraulic oil temperature, tool speed) meet the factory standards (oil temperature not exceeding 80 ℃, speed fluctuation within ± 5%).

　　預(yù)防故障重于事后維修，租賃期間應(yīng)嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行設(shè)備保養(yǎng)規(guī)程：每日作業(yè)前檢查潤(rùn)滑點(diǎn)（如軸承、鉸接點(diǎn)需加注鋰基潤(rùn)滑脂），每 50 小時(shí)更換液壓油濾芯（精度≤25μm），每 100 小時(shí)檢查皮帶張緊度（用手指按壓中部下垂量≤15mm）。操作人員需接受培訓(xùn)，熟悉設(shè)備報(bào)警代碼含義（如 E01 代表發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)過(guò)熱，E03 代表液壓過(guò)載），避免因操作不當(dāng)（如過(guò)載啟動(dòng)、未預(yù)熱直接高負(fù)荷作業(yè)）引發(fā)故障。施工環(huán)境惡劣時(shí)（如粉塵多、濕度大），需增加關(guān)鍵部件防護(hù)（給電控箱加裝防塵罩，液壓管路包裹保溫套），并準(zhǔn)備備用刀片、保險(xiǎn)絲等易損件，確保小故障可現(xiàn)場(chǎng)快速更換。

　　Preventing faults is more important than repairing them afterwards. During the lease period, equipment maintenance procedures should be strictly followed: check the lubrication points before daily operation (such as bearings and hinge points, which need to be filled with lithium based grease), replace the hydraulic oil filter element every 50 hours (accuracy ≤ 25 μ m), and check the belt tension every 100 hours (press the middle part with your fingers to ensure that the sag is ≤ 15mm). Operators need to receive professional training and be familiar with the meaning of equipment alarm codes (such as E01 representing engine overheating and E03 representing hydraulic overload), in order to avoid faults caused by improper operation (such as overload starting, direct high load operation without preheating). When the construction environment is harsh (such as high dust and humidity), it is necessary to increase the protection of key components (install dust covers on the electrical control box, wrap hydraulic pipelines with insulation sleeves), and prepare spare blades, fuses and other vulnerable parts to ensure that small faults can be quickly replaced on site.

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